The home closing process runs from accepted offer to settlement — typically 30–60 days. Key steps are completing your loan application, ordering an appraisal, clearing the title search, reviewing your Closing Disclosure, doing a final walkthrough, and signing at settlement.
After your purchase offer is accepted, a 30–60 day clock typically runs until you own the home. This period is structured — each phase has a deadline, and missing one can delay or kill the transaction. The CFPB's closing process guide is the authoritative walkthrough for what happens and when.
Submit your complete mortgage application to your lender immediately after signing the purchase contract. Provide the accepted contract, updated pay stubs, and any documentation your lender requests. This is also the time to lock your interest rate if you haven't already — your lock period needs to cover your expected closing date. Your lender must provide a Loan Estimate within three business days of receiving your application.
Order a home inspection promptly — inspection contingency windows are typically 7–14 days. If the inspection reveals material issues, you can negotiate repairs, request a price reduction, or exit under your contingency. Your lender will separately order an appraisal; the appraiser visits the home and issues a value report. If the appraised value is below your purchase price, your lender will base the loan on the lower value — your appraisal contingency lets you renegotiate or walk away if needed.
The title company searches public records to confirm the seller has clear ownership with no undisclosed liens, back taxes, or encumbrances. Simultaneously, your lender's underwriter reviews your full file — verifying employment, bank statements, and the appraisal. This phase is often the longest. Respond to any underwriter requests (called conditions) within 24 hours to avoid delays. See what is title insurance for why coverage matters here.
Three business days before closing, you must receive your Closing Disclosure. This document lists every final loan term, fee, and closing cost. Compare it carefully to your original Loan Estimate — if fees increased significantly, you have the right to ask why and to delay closing if needed. Wire your closing funds (down payment plus closing costs) to the title company — never via unverified instructions; wire fraud targeting home closings is well-documented.