Submitting a credit card application and getting anything other than an instant "approved" can be an anxious wait. Here's how the process generally works across major issuers, including American Express, and what your rights are while you wait.
The three typical outcomes
Most applications resolve one of three ways: instant approval (an automated system approves you immediately, often showing your credit line right away), pending review (the issuer needs more information or time to manually assess your application), or denial. American Express, like other major issuers, offers an online status-check tool where you can look up a pending application using your reference number — confirm the current tool location at americanexpress.com.
What triggers a pending review
A pending status isn't a bad sign by itself — it usually means the automated underwriting system couldn't make an instant decision and flagged the application for manual review. Common triggers include verifying your identity or income, an existing relationship with the issuer that needs reconciling, or an application that falls close to the issuer's approval threshold. Review times vary by issuer and by the specific reason.
If you're denied, you have specific rights
Under the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (ECOA) and CFPB Regulation B, an issuer that denies your application is legally required to send you written notice of the specific reason(s) within 30 days of receiving your completed application — this is called an adverse action notice. You're entitled to know the actual reason, not just that you were denied, and you can request a free copy of the credit report the decision was based on from the relevant bureau.
Checking status doesn't add another credit check
The credit check happens once — when the issuer initially reviews your application. Checking your status afterward, whether online or by phone, doesn't trigger an additional hard inquiry. The original inquiry typically affects most applicants' scores by fewer than 5 points, per myFICO, and its impact fades over time.
Our methodology
Regulatory facts above are sourced to the CFPB and FTC, current as of the dates listed; issuer-specific process details should be confirmed directly at americanexpress.com, since specific tools and timelines can change. ClearValue Lending is not a bank, card issuer, or financial advisor — this is educational content, not a substitute for contacting the issuer directly about your specific application. See our full review methodology for how we source content.